It was five years after the likely date of Margarets marriage that her first son was born. True or not, the marriage proved to be happy and fruitful, though of brief duration. The main character is Joanna Stafford, a Dominican novice. At Bisham, where her forebears had founded a monastery, the remains of her executed brother lay with those of her grandfather the Kingmaker, slaughtered at the Battle of Barnet. If Margaret played any part in the downfall of Henrys second queen, her role was so far behind the scenes that it has left no trace. Among his guests, in fact, was the king himself. He later characterized this as abandonment by his mother, and bitterly resented it for much of his life, although he became an important figure in the church. He did not share his opinion with the king. It was perfectly clear to any objective observer that the marriage was unlawful before God! She served later as a governess to Mary. This discovery resulted in removal of Mores books and writing materials. He handled his responsibilities with his usual skill, but it was a balancing act, and an increasingly dangerous one. Margaret kept silent on the matter. The popular image is of a man principled, steadfast, courageous who placed his own conscience above his kings demands. The reasons were various, but the most important was Katharines position as aunt to the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V. Charles would not let his aunt be cast aside (he was also considering the dynastic appeal of her daughter with Henry), and he pressured the pope to deny Henrys petition. 3. Perhaps more than any other courtier of Henrys reign, More embodied the searching, troubled spirit of the early 16th century. He was sentenced to a traitors death to be drawn, hanged, and quartered but the king changed it to beheading. He is an English lawyer, eventually promoted to Chancellor and assistant to the King after Wolsey 's death. Those two could only get along for short while before things got heated. Henry wanted Reginald to come back to England and talk the matter over, but Reginald had the sense to keep his distance. Contact was made with Warwick; a plot began, or perhaps was manufactured by agents provocateurs; just at this time, to increase the alarm of Henry Tudor, another Warwick impersonator showed his face in Kent. It took many blows to finally kill her and this botched execution was itself remembered and, for some, considered a sign of martyrdom. But for the rest of his reign Henry VII would be plagued by pretenders, persistently rising from the dead. And so he was imprisoned in the Tower of London on 17 April 1534. Margaret and her son, Henry, pressed Arthur's widow to take a vow of perpetual chastity to preserve her inheritance for her Pole children. Soon he was acting as Henrys personal secretary and adviser, delivering official speeches, greeting foreign envoys, drafting treaties and other public documents, and composing the kings responses to Wolseys dispatches. geralmente . In fact she was 67. Basically, they disliked and mistrusted one another. She was attended by servants and received an extensive grant of clothing in March 1541. Utopia is a complex and witty work which describes a city-state ruled entirely by reason. But he could not recognize the kings authority as head of the new church of England. But that was years in the future. Margaret Pole, fdd 14 augusti 1473 i Bath, Somerset, England, dd 27 maj 1541 i London, England, grevinna av Salisbury, var en engelsk hovfunktionr. Our Lady of Lourdes in Harpenden, Hertfordshire. From the start, Margaret's life had been marred by tragedy and violence: her father, George . She was head of her family, a magnate with vast resources in men and money; any disaffection on her part was dangerous. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. It was More who coined the term, a pun on the Greek words for no place and good place. And while this reasoning worked to replenish the royal treasury for Henry VII, it also provided the second Tudor king with a chance to curry popular favor when he in one of his first acts as Henry VIII imprisoned and later executed Edmund Dudley and Richard Empson, who were Mortons (and his fathers) tax collectors. He was a brilliant scholar of the Renaissance who died rather than betray the Catholic church. Her first son, Henry Pole, was created Baron Montagu, another of the Neville titles, speaking for the family in the House of Lords. After she had redeemed her dead brothers lands from the crown, she owned property in Calais, and estates in Wales and 17 English counties. Born 14 August 1473, Margaret was one of the few Plantagenets who had survived the Wars of the Roses She was the mother of . His lands and titles were thereby forfeited. Her father was the younger brother of Edward IV and Richard III. Mores letters indicate that he was not particularly keen to enter royal service. Born in 1473 into a world of bloody dynastic feuds, she survived under the first Tudor and thrived under the second, until she and her family, long suspected of plots against the regime, were destroyed. It is unlikely she had seen him for many years, but in any case, mourning for a traitor was inadvisable. Her brothers royal blood, however, remained a danger. Did she, as the regime alleged, burn the evidence that incriminated her? When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. Susan Higginbothams carefully written book comes with a misleading cover puff: At last, a biography of one of the most fascinating women of the Tudor period, who has too long been overlooked. 28 Little Russell Street Margaret Pole was one of only two women in the 16 th century to hold a peerage in her own right. Margaret Poles house had been searched in the efforts to find evidence to back of the attainders of those executed. Her fiction is stiff and chary, as if she is too constrained by her knowledge of the pitfalls to turn her characters loose in their own lives. Margaret Plantagenet, the daughter of George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence and of his wife, Isabel Neville, was born on 14th August 1473 at Farleigh Castle, near Bath. The threat seemed even greater by 1538, when the two great powers, France and the emperor, signed a peace treaty which left them free to turn their attention to the pariah nation. Henry VIIIs later statements to the contrary, his marriage to Katharine began happily and continued so for some years. His resignation was at first not accepted. As widows, or as deputies to living husbands, they handled complex legal and financial affairs with aplomb, while assenting outwardly at least to their status as irrational and inferior beings. Both Sir Thomas More and Margaret Pole were devout Catholics, dedicated to their faith and their country. Margaret Plantagenet, Countess of Salisbury (14 August 1473 - 28 May 1541), also called Margaret Pole, as a result of her marriage to Sir Richard Pole, was the only surviving daughter of George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence, a brother of Kings Edward IV and Richard III (all sons of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York ), by his wife Isabel . Christ in Thy Mercy, save Thou me! She, her grandson, Henry (son of her own son Henry), and Exeter's son were held together and supported by the king. He had several other livings, although he had not been ordained a priest. However, we should not assume that Mortons politics had any profound impact upon More. She also had restored to her the title to the Earldom of Salisbury. However, things suddenly change in May 1541 when a decision was made to execute her. I decided to investigate anemometers, because I wanted to look at different ways of measuring wind speed. Thomas More and Catherine herself were wise enough to steer clear of the nun. When not at Court, Margaret lived chiefly at Warblington Castle in Hampshire and Bisham Manor in Berkshire. If my head should win him a castle in France, he told his son-in-law in 1525, it should not fail to go.). Some stories even claim this was at his own request, having been permitted to choose the manner of his execution. To help with her financial situation, she gave one of her sons, Reginald, to the church. Mores only communication with Barton had been to warn her against meddling in affairs of state. Margaret Pole was the daughter of George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence, brother to Edward IV, and a leading figure in the Wars of the Roses. It was More's execution - far more than those of Anne Boleyn or Thomas Cromwell or Margaret Pole - which established the king's reputation for capricious cruelty. We do know that he tried in vain to support the kings position. The honor was tremendous; notably, More was the first layman to hold the office. Gender: Male. Wolsey, for all his brilliance and cunning, could not compete with that influence. Margaret Tudor, Queen of Scots. This was not due to any dislike of the king. His personal life remained placid and content. The pilgrimage was an effort to organize a march on London to install a conservative Catholic government instead of Henry's increasingly Protestant-leaning one. But in late June she was back at court by the side of Queen Jane, and the king was looking forward to an era of peace and fertility. Biography. He died on 8 August 1420. Even the more sedate accounts agree that, like Thomas Cromwell, she was hacked about by a second-string executioner. He then disappeared into his private closet, and after an hour, came out as cheerful as before. London Review of Books, Through her website she keeps lively links with readers and writers. On May 27th 1541, Margaret Pole, the 8th Countess of Salisbury was executed at the Tower of London. Montagu, Exeter, and Margaret were arrested in November 1538. A possible portrait of Margaret Pole (c. 1535). Margaret Pole, as she was now styled, was held in the Tower of London for two-and-a-half years. It was, Henry told him, proof that his marriage to Katharine was incestuous due to her previous marriage to his brother. Later in life, he bitterly resented her abandonment of him. He collected books and rare objects, but he gave away his possessions freely as well. A tradition has grown up that George was drowned in a vat a malmsey, an expensive sweet wine. London, WC1A 2HN Her mother was one of the greatest heiresses of her time while her father was the younger brother of King Edward IV of England. On his accession he granted her an annuity of 100 a year and on 14 Oct 1513 he created her Countess of Salisbury and gave her the family lands of the earldom of Salisbury. In the end, he could not be persuaded. And the king did not force the issue. But in the meantime, More had eighteen months of seclusion and study at his home in Chelsea. In Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury, 1473-1541, Hazel Pierce was unable to corroborate Richard Morisyne's assertion that as a young widow Margaret Pole made her home with the other Bridgettine nuns at Syon abbey.However, the household accounts of Lady Margaret Beaufort (held at St. John's College, Cambridge) reveal that this was indeed the case, recording payments to her from . The sons of Edward IV, 11 and 13 years old, had been held in the Tower by their uncle Richard III, and last been seen by Londoners in the summer of 1483. Birth Year: 1478. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. In 1509, when Henry VIII came to the throne after his fathers death, he married his brothers widow, Catherine of Aragon. Its influence upon William Shakespeares Richard III is immense. If he had trusted her once, he no longer did so. It was not so much a letter as a small book. By 1520, as an indication of the trust placed in her, she had been appointed lady governor to the Princess Mary, born in 1516 and the only child of the royal marriage to survive for more than a few weeks. They had 1 son & 3 daughters: [1] Sir Thomas. Margaret would have been too young to remember her mother, and it is likely that she was brought up within her fathers princely household, then after his execution lived with her cousins, the many daughters of Edward IV. More was not a man to be broken by prison, but he suffered physically. On 1 July 1535, he was indicted on high treason. Her mother died after giving birth to a fourth child; that brother died ten days after their mother. She began to write for the. It was delivered in manuscript form, but at any time it could be printed and circulated through Europe. He impressed the cardinal enough that he was knighted upon his return and made under-treasurer of the Exchequer. This was an obvious lie; More had never said anything of the sort to any other visitor, why Rich? Joan, wife of Roger Swillington. She was the Spanish princess, Katharine of Aragon, one of the daughters of the Catholic rulers of Spain. Ursula married into the powerful Stafford family; of Margarets sons, only Reginald did not marry; by the age of seven he was given utterly to God. Henry, the eldest son, though knighted and given the family title Lord Montagu, did not share the general admiration for the king. Margaret Pole was born about four years after her parents had married, and was the first child born after the couple lost their first child on board a ship fleeing to France during the Wars of the Roses. More was a well-born academic and a sincere and committed Roman Catholic. How to Be Tudor: Can a King Have Friends. The grave of Anne Boleyn. letters@lrb.co.uk The supposed discovery, six months after her house and effects were searched at her arrest, is likely to have been a fabrication. My faithfulness stands fast and so, Thomas came from wealthy families, from trade (his father was a wealthy baker) and the law. During the reign of Edward IV, little Margaret and her brother were brought up at Sheen . Intellectuals from England and Europe visited; More was a generous and kind host. Margaret's mother died when she was three; her father had two servants killed when he thought they had poisoned her. Her daughter Ursula married the Duke of Buckingham's son, Henry Stafford, but after the Duke's fall, the couple were given only fragments of his estates. The danger the Tudors saw lay not in the present disposition of the Pole family who vehemently protested their loyalty but in their claim to the throne, and in Reginalds actions while he was out of the jurisdiction. As a newly elected representative for London in Parliament and an undersheriff in the city, he was deeply involved in public life. It was Mores execution far more than those of Anne Boleyn or Thomas Cromwell or Margaret Pole which established the kings reputation for capricious cruelty. Henry VIII was a Catholic ruler, and enjoyed friendly relations with the papacy until he sought to divorce Katharine. Edward IV declared that Margaret's younger brother, Edward, should be known as Earl of Warwick as a courtesy title, but no peerage was ever created for him. Edward IV died in 1483 when Margaret was ten. Her second son, Arthur Pole, had a generally successful career as a courtier, becoming one of the six Gentlemen of the Privy Chamber. It stated that all who were called upon must take an oath acknowledging Anne as Henrys wife and their future children as legitimate heirs to the throne. Lewis, Jone Johnson. The relationship between Mary and Lady Salisbury was very close. Margaret was stripped of her titles and imprisoned in the Tower of London. For highlights from the latest issue, our archive and the blog, as well as news, events and exclusive promotions. I don't think Henry had quite the chummy relationship with Sir Thomas More that was depicted in "The Tudors" or even in "A Man for All Seasons." The story goes that when More was executed, Henry rose scowling from a game of cards with Anne Boleyn and barked at her "You are the cause of his death!" , because i wanted to look at different ways of measuring wind.! Traitor was inadvisable Wolsey & # x27 ; s life had been searched in the efforts to find evidence back... Books, Through her website she keeps lively links with readers and writers London for two-and-a-half years George was in! Margaret was ten for no place and good place proof that his marriage Katharine! Only get along for short while before things got heated with his usual skill, but gave. 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